Rosacea is a chronic, non-contagious, inflammatory skin condition affecting about 14 million Americans, usually between the ages of 30 and 60. It is characterized by a flushing redness of the cheeks, chin, nose and forehead, and may produce small, red, pus-filled bumps or pustules. Rosacea appears to affect more fair-skinned people than dark, though it can affect any skin type.
As the condition progresses, flushing becomes more persistent and noticeable. In severe cases, most of the face is affected. The disorder affects more women than men, but is generally more severe for men. Sometimes, permanent facial changes can occur for men, such as thickening of the skin on the nose.
Cause:
The cause of rosacea is currently unknown. However, researchers have several ideas about what may cause rosacea. Often, rosacea runs in the family, suggesting a genetic predisposition combined with environmental factors may be the cause. It could also be caused by a disorder of the blood vessels that triggers them to swell, leading to flushing.
Treatment:
There is no known cure for rosacea, but treatment is available, and Dr. Jay can help you determine which method is best for you. Typically, improvements should be noticed within 1 to 2 months of treatment.
- Topical Medications:
Medications you apply to your skin once or twice daily, such as antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, and azelaic acid can help reduce inflammation and redness. These creams and lotions are generally used in combination with other treatment, such as oral medication.
- Oral Antibiotics:
Oral antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce inflammation. Oral antibiotics tend to work faster than topical antibiotics, so they may be beneficial for severe cases, or if the physical appearance is interfering with the patient’s normal activities.
- Isoretinoin (Accutane):
Isoretinoin is a very strong oral medication usually used to treat cystic acne. In some extremely severe cases of rosacea, isoretinoin may be prescribed if all other methods of treatment fail. Isoretinoin works by inhibiting the production of oil by sebaceous glands. Because isoretinoin has many serious side effects, Dr. Jay will closely monitor your use.
Prevention:
There is no known way to prevent rosacea, but you can take steps to reduce or control symptoms.
For example:
- Remember to continue your treatment plan even after rosacea clears or improves to ensure it does not reappear.
- Always be gentle with your skin. Only use mild cleansers, and avoid products containing irritants such as alcohol.
- Avoid rosacea triggers such as sun exposure, extreme temperatures, spicy food and alcohol.